How Municipal Water Treatment Works
The stages of municipal water treatment — coagulation, settling, filtration, and disinfection — and what each does before water reaches your home.
Read →water_science
← All topicsHow to Read Your Water Quality Report
Your utility publishes an annual water quality report. Here is what to look for — disinfectant type, hardness, and what the numbers mean.
Read →Does Hot Water Release More Chlorine?
Why hot water seems to smell more chlorinated, what is happening chemically, and what that means for your shower.
Read →Chlorine vs Chloramine in Drinking Water
Municipal water is disinfected with chlorine or chloramine. Learn the difference, why it matters for your shower, and how to check which one you have.
Read →Hard Water Measurements: Grains, GPG, PPM
Hardness is measured in grains per gallon, ppm, or mg/L. Learn the scale, the conversions, and what level counts as hard.
Read →What Does PPM Mean in Water Testing?
PPM (parts per million) is the standard unit for measuring substances in water. Learn how to read it and how it relates to mg/L.
Read →What Is TDS in Water?
TDS (total dissolved solids) measures dissolved minerals and salts in water. Learn what it means, how it is measured, and what it does — and does not — tell you.
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